Zener diode and Voltage regulator circuits
Zener Diode The zener diode is a type of diode which operates under reverse bias that breakdowns when the applied voltage reaches a particular reverse bias voltage or knee voltage. It allows the current...
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L293D motor driver arduino tutorial – DC motor control
L293D Motor Driver L293D is a 16 pin motor driver IC consist of quadruple half H drivers. It can simultaneously control the direction and speed of two DC motors. L293d is a suitable device...
Comparison between copper and aluminium conductor
Materials made of metals will possess the property of electrical conductivity, an electrical conductor allows electric charge to flow through it. Silver is the most electrically conductive element followed by Copper, Gold, Aluminum, Zinc,...
Door opening alarm circuit diagram
A door opening alarm circuit is an indicator or a security alert device which activates while opening the device attached door. And the alarm remains ON as long as the door is kept open....
Solenoid valve control using arduino
Solenoid Valve A solenoid valve is an electromechanical valve used to control the flow of fluids. It has a simple valve Open and Close mechanism operated by a solenoid. Solenoid valves are widely used in...
Automatic plant watering system using arduino – soil moisture sensor
An automatic irrigation is a concept of controlled watering of plants without any manual operations, so as to maintain a water level ideal for its cultivation. For an automatic plant watering system, we can adopt various...
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Voltage Doubler Circuit schematic using 555, op amp & AC to DC
AC to DC Voltage Doubler Circuit A voltage doubler is a circuit which produces an output voltage which is double of the applied input voltage. The below diagram is an AC to DC voltage...
Simple touch switch circuit using transistor, 4017, 555 IC
A touch switch circuit operates with a touch action of an object or sensible material. It is used in hobby devices to high end consumer electronics for various applications. Touch switch circuit using transistor The...
Audio Tone generator circuit using 555, 741 IC
A tone generator circuit can be used for various applications such as alarms, bells, indicators, etc. A tone generator consists of a square, triangle, saw tooth periodic wave generator circuits, commonly square wave generators. Such periodic...
what is amplitude, frequency & phase shift keying modulations ?
Amplitude shift keying (ASK modulation) Amplitude shift keying is a modulation technique in digital communication. It is a form of amplitude modulation that represents the digital data in discrete amplitude levels. For a binary...